2010年5月7日 星期五

[Interview] Mark Solomon - MEET THE MAN


by Voodoo Demigod  on 08-25-2008 10:48 AM - last edited on 10-01-2008 10:45 PM by Administrator
Mark Solomon
Mark Solomon is the Principle Designer for the Voodoo business unit, where he is responsible for the industrial design, packaging design, and brand visual language for Voodoo and VoodooDNA product lines. Mark has over 20 international design awards. His latest is an IDEA Silver award for the HP Blackbird 002. He also holds 34 patents and another 48 patents pending. The other day he sat down with us to talk about the design philosophy behind VoodooPC’s new Envy 133 notebook and Omen desktop computers.

The Next Bench News: These days, the world seems to be all curves and soft forms. Yet, both the Envy and the Omen are square blocks and straight lines. Are you just trying to be different?

Mark Solomon: Voodoo is indifferent to trends, and by doing so has become a trendmaker in its space. But the new design language of Voodoo is more than just being different, it goes back to the brand tenets of what Voodoo is and how it fulfills the brand experience.

TNBN: What do you mean by basic design language?

Mark: All of Voodoo’s products share some common visual and experiential traits. Just like people in a family share certain characteristics—a chiseled jaw, a pointed nose—that are passed down from generation to generation.

TNBN: How do these traits manifest themselves in Voodoo’s products?

Mark: Being originally from HP, we had to study Voodoo of the past to ensure the new Voodoo was true to it’s roots. We discovered a couple of basic truths that are core elements that run throughout its products. First, alot of the products were square or geometric in form. So we decided to build on this family trait by updating and refining it. The result is that the Envy and the Omen share a monolithic form. They’re square blocks, with clean, straight lines and totally flat surfaces. Turn the Envy upside-down and it’s completely flat. There are no bump-outs or curves that you see in other notebooks. The same with the Omen. No extraneous shapes. It’s all business. We’ve taken the square block and made it very sexy.

TNBN: What’s the second basic truth you discovered about how Voodoo builds computers?

Mark: They use high quality materials. The new Envy and Omen take this to the next step by using what I call “performance materials.” For the Omen, we chose aircraft-quality aluminum. Not cast, but extruded. Not only is it lighter and stronger than steel or sheet metal, aluminum has really great thermal properties and dissipates heat more efficiently than other metals.

TNBN: What about the Envy, other than its square shape, it seems like an entirely different animal?

Mark: Vastly different, but also the same. It’s also made of a high-performance material: carbon fiber. A different material, but it shares some of aluminum’s characteristics: it’s ultra light and ultra strong. In order to create a notebook that’s just 0.70 inches thick, weighs less than 3.4 pounds and has a removable battery, there was no other way to do it. By using extruded aluminum and carbon fiber on these machines, it enabled us to design in higher performance—whether it’s super high-powered gaming on the Omen, or increased mobility on the Envy.

TNBN: The LCD screens on the Envy and the Omen are covered with a thick slab glass that goes from edge to edge. We’ve never seen this before.

Mark: It’s a subtle little design feature that emphasizes their clean flush lines. Also notice that the Envy and the Omen have LCD screens covered with a thick slab of glass that goes from edge to edge. It’s a subtle little feature, but it adds to their clean, flush lines.

TNBN: Beautiful. It accentuates the square, monolithic form you were talking about.

Mark: It’s very difficult to do and adds to the unmistakable quality of workmanship that goes into these machines. There are also exposed edges on other parts, as well. For instance, on the keyboard deck of the Envy. And on the Omen’s side panels. This effect only works when you’ve got tight engineering. Most manufacturers try to hide their exposed edges because it doesn’t look quite so sexy when you’re using sheet metal. But we wanted to show the quality and thickness of the materials we are using. The exposed edges also come into play in the personalization of the Envy and the Omen. They show the various layers of paint, wood and other materials that are and will be used to customize and personalize these machines.

TNBN: It’s almost like looking at the strata in a rock formation.

Mark: Exactly. Say a user has his Omen for four years and has applied different paints and surfaces to it during that time. He can see the entire history of his machine just by looking at the edges. You can go a little crazy with this, but you get the idea.

TNBN: Both machines also share a certain thin quality. Was this intentional?

Mark: Yes, we worked really hard to get both machines really thin. When you look at the Omen straight on, despite its mass, it’s thin. We didn’t use any trickery to accomplish this. In contrast, the HP Blackbird’s cantilevered design involves a little bit of optical illusion to hide its size. The only thing that might be construed as trickery in the Omen is the “hover” effect when viewing it from the side. But this actually serves an important function in the cooling of the interior components. This is also why we rotated the motherboard.

TNBN: Yes, we’ve been wondering why everything is turned around on the Omen. How did this novel idea come about?

Mark: Simple science… A proven scientific fact is that heat rises. We wanted to rotate the board 90 degrees to take full advantage of that concept. Why force heat through the front and back of the machine using energy-eating fans when you can accomplish the same thing using natural convection. Of course, we still have placed fans and liquid cooling in the Omen, but we are assisting the cooling process and, in theory, will have a quieter machine.

TNBN: Does anyone else do this on their machines?

Mark: Convection techniques have been employed, but, as far as I know, no one has rotated the motherboard on a large desktop. Another functional reason we wanted to rotate the board was to introduce a new user accessibility and cable management experience. When you rotate the board, all the connections are on top of the machine. You don’t have to turn the entire case around every time you want to connect something up. Or, if it’s under your desk, crawl under it and deal with a tangle of cables in the darkness. With the Omen, the all the connections are easily access just by lifting off the top panel. No tools are necessary.

TNBN: How does this accessibility theme play out on the Envy?

Mark: It’s more of a software solution. User accessibility is expressed with the Envy’s instant-on feature. You can access the Web, personal documents and media instantly, using Voodoo IOS, without waiting for the whole system to power up.

TNBN: Ahh…a little Voodoo magic.

Mark: [CHUCKLES] Arthur C. Clarke said that “any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.” From that perspective, there were a few things we wanted to do that added a “wow” factor to these computers. On the Envy, there’s a proximity sensor that recognizes when your fingers are on the keyboard and turns off the touchpad to avoid any accidental movement of the cursor. There’s also a palm sensor that turns on the keyboard lighting—and turns off to save power when your hands move away for period of time. And even if wireless isn’t available where you’re working, you can plug an Ethernet cable into a jack on the power brick and a point-to-point Wi-Fi connection is automatically established. We even developed optional facial recognition software for the Envy. The machine actually recognizes your face! That’s magic.

TNBN: Is there magic in the Omen?

Mark: OMEN has some nice surprises as well, such as the interior lighting that turns on like in a refrigerator. You can choose from 16 million different colored lighting schemes for underneath the machine, as well as different animated behaviors. It’s like having your own little light show.

TNBN: Mark, thank you for taking the time to chat with us. Hope we get to do this again soon.

Mark: You’re welcome. I’ll come back when we’ve got some new magic to share.

Message Edited by Frosty on 10-01-2008 10:45 PM

DESCRIPTION OF WOOD PULP PRODUCTS


DESCRIPTION OF WOOD PULP PRODUCTS

Mechanical Pulp
Mechanical pulps are characterized by the fact that a very high percentage of the original wood components are retained in the finished product. For this reason they are often termed high yield pulps, with yields usually in the 85-95% range.
Due to the high yield, mechanical pulps contain a number of different types of wood particles of various shapes and sizes, resulting in highly opaque products with good printing properties. However, the high yield also results in the presence of large percentages of lignin in the pulp, which yellows when exposed to heat or ultraviolet light. Given this, products which contain mechanical pulps tend to discolor over time.
Also, mechanical processes cause considerable damage to wood fibers and result in a relatively weak pulp. In order to achieve adequate sheet strength it is often necessary to add a longer fiber chemical pulp to the mechanical pulp. Following is a list of the major mechanical pulping processes:
1) Stone Groundwood Pulp (SGW) (roundwood)
2) Pressurized Groundwood (PGW) (roundwood)
3) Refiner Mechanical Pulp (RMP) (chip)
4) Thermomechariical Pulp (TMP) (chip)
5) Chemi-Thermomechariical Pulp (CTMP) (chip)
Each of these pulps is produced at relatively low cost when compared to chemical pulps. Typical end uses include newsprint, directory paper, supercalendered papers and lightweight coated paper (LWC).
The CTMP process can also produce a pulp of high bulk and absorbency and is used in products such as tissue, toweling, and disposable diapers. CTMP is also used in the production of some paperboard grades such as those used in liquid packaging. Bleached CTMP is believed to have significant potential in printing and writing grades such as forms paper, uncoated bond and some book grades.
Chemical Pulp
The main grades of chemical pulp are kraft and sulfite. Chemical pulping removes fibers from wood by dissolving the lignin which holds them together. In contrast, mechanical pulping separates the fibers by a grinding action, leaving much of the lignin in the pulp. Chemical pulps are much stronger since individual fibers are not damaged to the extent that they are with mechanical pulping methods.
The removal of lignin results in lower yields, and is typically between 40-55%, therefore leading to higher wood consumptions per unit and higher wood costs. In addition to resulting in a relatively stronger pulp, the removal of lignin makes chemical pulp less likely to lose its brightness over time as compared to mechanical pulp.

Kraft Pulp (Sulphate):
Kraft pulp is noted for its superior strength characteristics and can be used in virtually all paper and paperboard grades in order to improve strength properties. In fact, the word kraft is the Swedish and German word for strength.
Kraft pulp can be produced from both hardwood and softwood species and is used in bleached, semi-bleached and unbleached forms. Unbleached kraft is usually made with softwood and is used primarily in the furnish of kraft linerboard, wrapping paper and bag papers such as grocery bags.
Semi-bleached kraft is used in the furnish of grades which do not require high brightness, such as newsprint and other groundwood based papers.
Bleached kraft is used in a much wider range of products than either unbleached or semi-bleached. Its greatest importance is in the printing and writing grades. In these grades softwood kraft is used for its strength characteristics, while hardwood kraft, having shorter fibers, is used for its superior printing properties.

Sulphite Pulp:
Sulphite was the most important pulping method until the 1930's, when kraft pulp began to dominate because it was able to utilize a wide variety of wood species not suitable for sulphite pulping. Today, sulphite is used much less than kraft.
Sulphite is not as strong as kraft and is typically used in products which require good sheet formation and moderate strength. Historically, sulphite has been most widely used in newsprint furnish. However, its importance in newsprint has been declining in recent years with the increasing use of stronger mechanical pulps such as TMP and CTMP.

Semi-Chemical Pulp:
There are several types of semi-chemical pulps in production, but the most important of these is Neutral Sulfite Semi-Chemical (NSSC). NSSC is made primarily from hardwood species and is noted for its exceptional stiffness. Its primary use is for the production of corrugating medium.

Dissolving Pulp:
Not used in papermaking, dissolving pulp is chemically converted for use in such products as rayon, cellophane, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate and carboxymethyl cellulose. Softwoods are the major raw material for dissolving pulps, but some hardwood is used.
DESCRIPTION OF PAPER AND PAPERBOARD PRODUCTS

Kraft Paper
Kraft papers can be grouped into three general categories:
1) Unbleached Packaging
2) Bleached Packaging
3) Special Industrial Papers
Unbleached and bleached packaging papers are used for products such as wrapping, grocery bag, shipping sacks and other converted papers. Basis weights for these grades depend greatly on the end use and can range from 30 to 80 lbs per 3000 ft2 (49 to 130 g/m2).
Special industrial papers include papers used in the manufacture of abrasives, electrical insulators, gaskets, filters and many other products. Bleached specialty papers include grades such as glassine, greaseproof and vegetable parchment

Linerboard
Linerboard is a relatively light weight board used for the outer plies of corrugated box stock and also as wrapping paper. The furnish for linerboard can be either kraft pulp or recycled material, usually old corrugated containers (OCC) or double lined kraft (DLK). The standard basis weight for linerboard is 42 lbs per 1000 ft2 (205 g/m2), but can range from 26 to 90 lbs.
Linerboard is made with two layers and is typically manufactured on a two-headbox fourdrinier paper machines. In kraftliner, a lower quality high yield, unbleached kraft base sheet is formed from the first headbox. A better quality, lower yield layer is formed on top of the base sheet to provide a good printing surface.
Where appearance is particularly important, mottled white, white top, bleached or coated liner can be used, depending upon the desired printing surface. Mottled white and white top liner have a top layer which is bleached, the top layer of mottled white liner does not provide full coverage of the base sheet, causing a "mottled" appearance, whereas white top does. With bleached liner, both the base and the top sheet are bleached. Coated liner is typically an unbleached liner with a white pigment coating.

Corrugating Medium
Corrugating medium is a light weight board used for the fluted inner plies of corrugated box stock. The basis weight for corrugating medium range from 18 to 36 lbs per 1000 ft2, with the standard being 26 lbs.
Corrugating medium is typically made with semi-chemical pulp and or recycled material. About 75% of production utilizes a furnish containing about 80% semi-chemical pulp and 20% recycled fiber. The remainder of the production is made of 100% recycled material and is often termed "bogus medium".

Boxboard
Boxboard is a broad category encompassing coated and uncoated kraft paperboard, recycled paperboard and bleached paperboard. These boards have a wide range of basis weights, depending greatly upon the end use products.
Typical end use products for kraft and recycled paperboard include beverage carriers, folding cartons, setup boxes, as well as tube, can and drum stock.
Bleached kraft paperboard is commonly called solid bleached sulphate (SBS). The primary use for SBS is folding carton and milk carton. Other uses include disposable cups, plates and food containers.

Newsprint
Newsprint is an uncoated printing paper in which mechanical pulp and/or deinked recycled fiber is the main furnish component. The most common recycled furnish used is old news papers (ONP). Some chemical pulp is usually added to the sheet in order to increase strength, and this is usually unbleached sulphite or semi-bleached kraft. The standard basis weight for newsprint is 30 lb per 3000 ft2 (48.8 g/m2).
Newsprint comes close to being a true commodity item. Most newsprint is the similar in terms of basis weight, brightness and price. The primary end users of newsprint are newspaper publishers, although some production goes to cormnercial printers.

Uncoated Groundwood
Uncoated groundwood papers (UCGW) are the next step in the value-added chain relative to newsprint. As with newsprint, the main furnish component is mechanical pulp, with chemical pulp being added to increase strength. The amount of chemical pulp used in the furnish depends upon the end product as well as the type of mechanical pulp used. The basis weight ranges from 18-40 1b per 500 sheets (24 x 36 in.) or 30-66 g/m2.
UCGW papers are differentiated from newsprint with respect to printing properties and brightness, and are typically priced above standard newsprint.
Some of the main UCGW grades are supercalendered papers (SC), directory papers and roto-news. Typical end uses for UCGW grades include free-standing inserts, telephone and other directories, Sunday news magazines, direct mail and commercial printing. Some of the trade names are: rotogravure (standard, premium, high brightness), offset (premium, high brightness), magazine (gravure, offset), paperback/book, directory (white, yellow) and computer.

Coated Groundwood
Coated groundwood papers are often referred to as lightweight coated (LWC). However, basis weights for coated groundwood can range from 32-50 lbs per 3,300 ft2. As with UCGW, the furnish for coated groundwood papers is primarily mechanical pulp with varying amounts of chemical pulp added for strength.
The primary difference between coated and uncoated grades is the presence of a pigment layer which covers the base sheet. The main component of the coating is usually clay, however, calcium carbonate and titanium dioxide are also used in some formulations. Typically, the coating accounts for approximately 30% of the finished sheet by weight.
Coated papers are broken down into 5 grades based on brightness and basis weight (#1 through #5). On the spectrum of coated printing grades, coated groundwood is #5, while #1 through #4 are primarily freesheet based. However, coated #4 can contain relatively high amounts of mechanical pulp.
End uses for coated groundwood include magazines, Sunday news supplements, catalogs, newspaper inserts, directories, books and flyers.

Uncoated Freesheet
Uncoated freesheet papers (UCFS) are made primarily with chemical pulps and contain very little if any mechanical pulp. UCFS is produced in a wide range of basis weights and includes such end use products as personnel and business stationary, bond, ledger, envelopes, book paper, copy paper, laser printer papers, tablet paper, cigarette paper and base stock for products such as carbonless and thermal paper.
In order to fill void spaces between fibers and improve the printing properties of the sheet, UCFS grades typically have filler contents of 10-15%. Fillers are usually comprised of clay, calcium carbonate and/or titanium dioxide, depending upon the desired sheet properties. If an alkaline paper making system is used, filler contents can reach levels of up to 30%.
The use of calcium carbonate as a filler can also increase the permanence of the sheet, a quality that is becoming increasingly important to many publishers.

Coated Freesheet
Coated freesheet is the highest value-added grade of paper. As with uncoated freesheet, coated freesheet is made primarily with chemical pulp. The primary difference between the grades is the coating, which accounts for approximately 30% of the finished sheet weight.
Coated freesheet can be either coated one side (ClS) or coated two side (C2S); coated two side accounts for approximately 90% of production. As previously discussed, coated papers are further defined on the basis of brightness and basis weight. Coated freesheet grades range from #1 through #4, with #1 being the brightest and highest quality coated paper. The bulk of coated freesheet production is classified as coated #3.
Typical end uses for coated freesheet are high quality magazines, catalogs, advertising brochures, annual reports and various commercial printing applications. ClS papers are typically used for labels and other specialty products.